Alteration

Chemical change in rock caused by the same fluids that carried the metal — the fingerprint a mineralising system leaves behind.

Definition

Chemical and physical changes to rock caused by hydrothermal fluids, often associated with mineralization. Alteration patterns help geologists identify potential ore zones and understand the processes that formed a deposit.

Why it matters

Alteration extends far beyond the ore itself, which makes it the main tool for vectoring toward a deposit. Recognising a specific alteration assemblage tells a geologist which part of a system they are standing in and which direction to drill.

See also

  • Epithermal Deposit A mineral deposit formed at shallow depths and low temperatures from hydrothermal fluids. Epithermal deposits
  • Porphyry Copper Deposit A large, low-to-moderate grade copper deposit formed by hydrothermal fluids associated with intrusive igneous
  • Geochemical Survey The systematic collection and analysis of soil, rock, or water samples to detect anomalous concentrations of t
  • Vein A sheet-like deposit of minerals that fills a fracture or fault in rock. Many gold deposits occur in quartz ve

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