A cathode using iron and phosphate instead of nickel and cobalt — cheaper, safer, lower energy density.
A lithium-ion battery cathode chemistry (LiFePO4) that uses iron phosphate instead of nickel and cobalt. LFP batteries offer lower cost, longer cycle life, and improved safety compared to NMC batteries, but with lower energy density. Increasingly used in EVs and stationary storage.
LFP has taken large share in standard-range vehicles and dominates grid storage. It uses no nickel or cobalt at all, which is the single biggest reason demand forecasts for those two metals were revised down.
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